Problème résolu, voilà la solution qui a marché pour moi :
Tout d'abord, allez suivre ce petit tuto pour réparer ubuntu : http://geekeries.de-labrusse.fr/?p=769
Ensuite, faîtes cette méthode :
Et c'est fini (au moins pour mon problème)
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Bonjour,
Je viens vers vous aujourd'hui car je n'arrive pas à avoir de la wifi...
J'ai cette capture d'écran au besoin :

N'hésitez pas à me demander d'autres informations ! J'y répondrais très vite.
Voilà toutes mes infos :
cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS"
lsusb
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 04f2:b40a Chicony Electronics Co., Ltd
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Intel Corp. Integrated Rate Matching Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor PCI Express Root Port (rev 09)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM76 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF117M [GeForce 610M/710M/810M/820M / GT 620M/625M/630M/720M] (rev a1)
03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43142 802.11b/g/n (rev 01)
04:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
04:00.2 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0a)
lspci -k -nn | grep -A 3 -i net
03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM43142 802.11b/g/n [14e4:4365] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc BCM43142 802.11b/g/n [11ad:6605]
04:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader [10ec:5289] (rev 01)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader [1043:202f]
--
04:00.2 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 0a)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [1043:200f]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
lspci -k
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller (rev 09)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 3rd Gen Core processor DRAM Controller
Kernel driver in use: ivb_uncore
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v2/3rd Gen Core processor PCI Express Root Port (rev 09)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller (rev 09)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 3rd Gen Core processor Graphics Controller
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Host Controller
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev c4)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4)
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
Kernel modules: shpchp
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM76 Express Chipset LPC Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. HM76 Express Chipset LPC Controller
Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich
Kernel modules: lpc_ich
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller [AHCI mode]
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GF117M [GeForce 610M/710M/810M/820M / GT 620M/625M/630M/720M] (rev a1)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. GeForce GT 720M
Kernel driver in use: nouveau
Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau
03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM43142 802.11b/g/n (rev 01)
Subsystem: Lite-On Communications Inc BCM43142 802.11b/g/n
04:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. RTL8411 PCI Express Card Reader
Kernel driver in use: rtsx_pci
Kernel modules: rtsx_pci
04:00.2 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0a)
Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
sudo lshw -C network
*-network NON-RÉCLAMÉ
description: Network controller
produit: BCM43142 802.11b/g/n
fabriquant: Broadcom Corporation
identifiant matériel: 0
information bus: pci@0000:03:00.0
version: 01
bits: 64 bits
horloge: 33MHz
fonctionnalités: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
ressources: mémoire:f7900000-f7907fff
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
produit: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
fabriquant: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
identifiant matériel: 0.2
information bus: pci@0000:04:00.2
nom logique: enp4s0f2
version: 0a
numéro de série: 40:16:7e:8c:bc:21
taille: 1Gbit/s
capacité: 1Gbit/s
bits: 64 bits
horloge: 33MHz
fonctionnalités: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8411-1_0.0.3 06/18/12 ip=192.168.1.34 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=1Gbit/s
ressources: irq:27 portE/S:d000(taille=256) mémoire:f2104000-f2104fff mémoire:f2100000-f2103fff
lsmod
Module Size Used by
bnep 20480 2
asus_nb_wmi 24576 0
asus_wmi 24576 1 asus_nb_wmi
sparse_keymap 16384 1 asus_wmi
btusb 36864 0
btrtl 16384 1 btusb
btbcm 16384 1 btusb
btintel 16384 1 btusb
bluetooth 491520 11 btrtl,btintel,bnep,btbcm,btusb
uvcvideo 77824 0
videobuf2_vmalloc 16384 1 uvcvideo
videobuf2_memops 16384 1 videobuf2_vmalloc
videobuf2_v4l2 24576 1 uvcvideo
videobuf2_core 40960 2 uvcvideo,videobuf2_v4l2
intel_rapl 20480 0
videodev 159744 3 uvcvideo,videobuf2_core,videobuf2_v4l2
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 45056 1
media 36864 2 uvcvideo,videodev
x86_pkg_temp_thermal 16384 0
snd_hda_codec_realtek 77824 1
intel_powerclamp 16384 0
snd_hda_codec_generic 69632 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_intel 32768 3
coretemp 16384 0
snd_hda_codec 118784 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_core 69632 5 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
kvm_intel 192512 0
kvm 520192 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
crc32_pclmul 16384 0
joydev 20480 0
input_leds 16384 0
snd_pcm 94208 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core,snd_hda_codec_hdmi
serio_raw 16384 0
snd_seq_midi 16384 0
snd_seq_midi_event 16384 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_rawmidi 28672 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_seq 57344 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
intel_cstate 16384 0
snd_seq_device 16384 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
intel_rapl_perf 16384 0
snd_timer 32768 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd 69632 17 snd_hda_intel,snd_hwdep,snd_seq,snd_hda_codec,snd_timer,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_pcm
rtsx_pci_ms 20480 0
soundcore 16384 1 snd
mei_me 28672 0
memstick 16384 1 rtsx_pci_ms
mei 90112 1 mei_me
shpchp 32768 0
mac_hid 16384 0
lpc_ich 20480 0
asus_wireless 16384 0
parport_pc 32768 0
ppdev 20480 0
lp 20480 0
parport 49152 3 lp,parport_pc,ppdev
autofs4 40960 2
i915 1249280 101
nouveau 1404928 1
rtsx_pci_sdmmc 24576 0
mxm_wmi 16384 1 nouveau
ttm 94208 1 nouveau
i2c_algo_bit 16384 2 nouveau,i915
drm_kms_helper 155648 2 nouveau,i915
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
ahci 36864 2
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
r8169 77824 0
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
drm 311296 8 nouveau,i915,ttm,drm_kms_helper
psmouse 122880 0
libahci 32768 1 ahci
rtsx_pci 53248 2 rtsx_pci_sdmmc,rtsx_pci_ms
mii 16384 1 r8169
wmi 16384 3 asus_wmi,mxm_wmi,nouveau
fjes 28672 0
video 36864 3 asus_wmi,nouveau,i915
iwconfig
enp4s0f2 no wireless extensions.
lo no wireless extensions.
ifconfig
enp4s0f2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 40:16:7e:8c:bc:21
inet adr:192.168.1.34 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Masque:255.255.255.0
adr inet6: fe80::6a60:b24e:dce8:7910/64 Scope:Lien
adr inet6: 2a01:e34:ed3e:e5c0:e45c:e8eb:f5bf:9388/64 Scope:Global
adr inet6: 2a01:e34:ed3e:e5c0:2830:653f:bfc3:8436/64 Scope:Global
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
Packets reçus:18852 erreurs:0 :0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:11067 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 lg file transmission:1000
Octets reçus:17647486 (17.6 MB) Octets transmis:1394442 (1.3 MB)
lo Link encap:Boucle locale
inet adr:127.0.0.1 Masque:255.0.0.0
adr inet6: ::1/128 Scope:Hôte
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
Packets reçus:1969 erreurs:0 :0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1969 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 lg file transmission:1
Octets reçus:173566 (173.5 KB) Octets transmis:173566 (173.5 KB)
sudo iwlist scan
enp4s0f2 Interface doesn't support scanning.
lo Interface doesn't support scanning.
uname -r -m
4.8.0-54-generic i686
cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
nm-tool
La commande « nm-tool » est introuvable, vouliez-vous dire :
La commande « dm-tool » du paquet « lightdm » (main)
nm-tool : commande introuvable
sudo rfkill list
1: asus-wlan: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
2: asus-bluetooth: Bluetooth
Soft blocked: yes
Hard blocked: no
nmcli connection show
NOM UUID TYPE PÉRIPHÉRIQUE
Connexion filaire 1 a8a7b110-8993-3b70-b410-6a5097550a5f 802-3-ethernet enp4s0f2
Freebox-5DBB69 f7c8738c-c21c-43f3-80b7-f13cbaa623a3 802-11-wireless --
argaiefree 63f79610-147a-413d-824c-5763de184280 802-11-wireless --
Merci d'avance