[EDIT] Après avoir activé la carte wifi cela donne ça :
>> cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=17.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=zesty
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 17.04"
>> lsusb
Bus 002 Device 003: ID 148f:7601 Ralink Technology, Corp. MT7601U Wireless Adapter
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 148f:761a Ralink Technology, Corp.
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
>> lspci -k -nn | grep -A 3 -i net
04:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Broadcom Limited NetLink BCM5906M Fast Ethernet PCI Express [14e4:1713] (rev 02)
Subsystem: COMPAL Electronics Inc NetLink BCM5906M Fast Ethernet PCI Express [14c0:0026]
Kernel driver in use: tg3
Kernel modules: tg3
0c:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation PRO/Wireless 3945ABG [Golan] Network Connection [8086:4222] (rev 02)
Subsystem: Intel Corporation WM3945ABG MOW2 [8086:1001]
Kernel driver in use: iwl3945
Kernel modules: iwl3945
>> sudo lshw -C network
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
produit: NetLink BCM5906M Fast Ethernet PCI Express
fabriquant: Broadcom Limited
identifiant matériel: 0
information bus: pci@0000:04:00.0
nom logique: enp4s0
version: 02
numéro de série: 00:16:d4:de:d4:29
taille: 100Mbit/s
capacité: 100Mbit/s
bits: 64 bits
horloge: 33MHz
fonctionnalités: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.137 duplex=full firmware=sb v3.04 ip=192.168.0.8 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s
ressources: irq:34 mémoire:f4000000-f400ffff
*-network DÉSACTIVÉ
description: Interface réseau sans fil
produit: PRO/Wireless 3945ABG [Golan] Network Connection
fabriquant: Intel Corporation
identifiant matériel: 0
information bus: pci@0000:0c:00.0
nom logique: wlp12s0
version: 02
numéro de série: 00:19:d2:bb:4e:48
bits: 32 bits
horloge: 33MHz
fonctionnalités: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwl3945 driverversion=4.10.0-33-generic firmware=N/A latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
ressources: irq:33 mémoire:f8200000-f8200fff
*-network
description: Interface réseau sans fil
identifiant matériel: 1
information bus: usb@2:5
nom logique: wlxf428530c38ab
numéro de série: f4:28:53:0c:38:ab
fonctionnalités: ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=mt7601u driverversion=4.10.0-33-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
>> lsmod
Module Size Used by
pci_stub 16384 1
vboxpci 24576 0
vboxnetadp 28672 0
vboxnetflt 28672 0
vboxdrv 331776 3 vboxnetadp,vboxnetflt,vboxpci
crypto_simd 16384 0
cryptd 24576 1 crypto_simd
aes_i586 20480 633
dm_crypt 24576 1
coretemp 16384 0
kvm_intel 200704 0
kvm 520192 1 kvm_intel
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
input_leds 16384 0
joydev 20480 0
snd_hda_codec_si3054 16384 1
serio_raw 16384 0
snd_hda_codec_realtek 77824 1
snd_hda_codec_generic 69632 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
i2c_i801 28672 0
arc4 16384 4
iwl3945 65536 0
snd_hda_intel 32768 3
r592 20480 0
iwlegacy 86016 1 iwl3945
mt7601u 86016 0
memstick 16384 1 r592
mac80211 700416 3 mt7601u,iwlegacy,iwl3945
snd_hda_codec 114688 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_core 69632 5 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_codec_realtek
lpc_ich 20480 0
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_pcm 94208 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core,snd_hda_codec_si3054
cfg80211 532480 4 mac80211,mt7601u,iwlegacy,iwl3945
snd_seq_midi 16384 0
snd_seq_midi_event 16384 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_rawmidi 28672 1 snd_seq_midi
ir_lirc_codec 16384 0
ir_rc6_decoder 16384 0
lirc_dev 20480 1 ir_lirc_codec
snd_seq 57344 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
snd_seq_device 16384 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
snd_timer 28672 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd 65536 17 snd_hda_intel,snd_hwdep,snd_seq,snd_hda_codec,snd_timer,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_codec_si3054,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_pcm
rc_rc6_mce 16384 0
ene_ir 20480 0
soundcore 16384 1 snd
shpchp 32768 0
rc_core 28672 6 ir_rc6_decoder,rc_rc6_mce,ir_lirc_codec,lirc_dev,ene_ir
eeprom 16384 0
mac_hid 16384 0
ndiswrapper 200704 0
parport_pc 32768 0
ppdev 20480 0
lp 20480 0
parport 45056 3 lp,parport_pc,ppdev
ip_tables 20480 0
x_tables 24576 1 ip_tables
autofs4 40960 2
i915 1187840 3
ahci 36864 2
psmouse 122880 0
i2c_algo_bit 16384 1 i915
tg3 159744 0
firewire_ohci 36864 0
drm_kms_helper 139264 1 i915
libahci 32768 1 ahci
ptp 20480 1 tg3
firewire_core 61440 1 firewire_ohci
pps_core 20480 1 ptp
sdhci_pci 28672 0
sdhci 45056 1 sdhci_pci
pata_acpi 16384 0
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
crc_itu_t 16384 1 firewire_core
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
drm 303104 5 i915,drm_kms_helper
wmi 16384 0
fjes 61440 0
video 40960 1 i915
>> iwconfig
wlp12s0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=off
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
wlxf428530c38ab IEEE 802.11 ESSID:off/any
Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
>> ifconfig -a
enp4s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.8 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
inet6 fe80::6802:dc28:324b:13f8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:16:d4:de:d4:29 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 5171 bytes 4340192 (4.3 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 4192 bytes 961374 (961.3 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
device interrupt 17
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Boucle locale)
RX packets 338 bytes 24790 (24.7 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 338 bytes 24790 (24.7 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlp12s0: flags=4098<BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 00:19:d2:bb:4e:48 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlxf428530c38ab: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether f4:28:53:0c:38:ab txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
>> sudo iwlist scan
wlxf428530c38ab Scan completed :
Cell 01 - Address: F4:CA:E5:FF:56:C9
Channel:11
Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
Quality=59/70 Signal level=-51 dBm
Encryption key:off
ESSID:"FreeWifi"
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 22 Mb/s
6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s
Bit Rates:18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Mode:Master
Extra:tsf=0000002797721e56
Extra: Last beacon: 16ms ago
IE: Unknown: 00084672656557696669
IE: Unknown: 010882848B962C0C1218
IE: Unknown: 03010B
IE: Unknown: 2A0104
IE: Unknown: 3205243048606C
IE: Unknown: 2D1A6C0003FFFFFF0001000000000000000100000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 3D160B000400000000000000000000000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 7F080000000000000040
IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00
Cell 02 - Address: F4:CA:E5:FF:56:CA
Channel:11
Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
Quality=59/70 Signal level=-51 dBm
Encryption key:on
ESSID:"FreeWifi_secure"
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 22 Mb/s
6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s
Bit Rates:18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Mode:Master
Extra:tsf=000000279771b0fe
Extra: Last beacon: 16ms ago
IE: Unknown: 000F46726565576966695F736563757265
IE: Unknown: 010882848B962C0C1218
IE: Unknown: 03010B
IE: Unknown: 2A0104
IE: Unknown: 3205243048606C
IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1
Group Cipher : TKIP
Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
Authentication Suites (1) : 802.1x
IE: Unknown: 2D1A6C0003FFFFFF0001000000000000000100000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 3D160B000400000000000000000000000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 7F080000000000000040
IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00
Cell 03 - Address: F4:CA:E5:FF:56:C8
Channel:11
Frequency:2.462 GHz (Channel 11)
Quality=61/70 Signal level=-49 dBm
Encryption key:on
ESSID:"nicole"
Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 22 Mb/s
6 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s
Bit Rates:18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
Mode:Master
Extra:tsf=0000002797728d26
Extra: Last beacon: 16ms ago
IE: Unknown: 00066E69636F6C65
IE: Unknown: 010882848B962C0C1218
IE: Unknown: 03010B
IE: Unknown: 2A0104
IE: Unknown: 3205243048606C
IE: WPA Version 1
Group Cipher : TKIP
Pairwise Ciphers (2) : CCMP TKIP
Authentication Suites (1) : PSK
IE: Unknown: 2D1A6C0003FFFFFF0001000000000000000100000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 3D160B000400000000000000000000000000000000000000
IE: Unknown: 7F080000000000000040
IE: Unknown: DD180050F2020101000003A4000027A4000042435E0062322F00
>> uname -r -m
4.10.0-33-generic i686
>> cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
>> nm-tool
>> nmcli dev wifi
* SSID MODE CHAN DÉBIT SIGNAL BARS SÉCURITÉ
* SSID MODE CHAN DÉBIT SIGNAL BARS SÉCURITÉ
>> nmcli connection show
NOM UUID TYPE PÉRIPHÉRIQUE
Ethernet b07612ef-2dba-38d1-a61a-c421bc9e06af 802-3-ethernet enp4s0
>> sudo rfkill list
0: phy1: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: yes
1: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
[EDIT2] J'essaye de me connecter à "nicole", c'est une freebox, je ne sais pas si c'est une wpa ou une wep, ni si c'est la clé d'origine. C'est une clé à 10 caractères.